Options divert energy consumption of fossil fuel that can not be updated (unrenewable energy) to the type of biological non-fossil energy that can be updated (renewable energy) can be justified scientifically. Because the assumption that there is already an undeniable, that fossil energy will run out in time.
As is known, there are biofuels made from vegetable oils such as palm oil or CPO (Crude Oil Palam) and the oil tree or CJCO Jatropha (Jatropha curcas Crude Oil), created by the transesterification process. This process is basically a process of reacting vegetable oil (CPO or CJCO) with methanol and ethanol with a catalyst of caustic soda (NaOH or KOH).
From the results of the transesterification process CPO will produce pure fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Then the in-FAME blending with pure diesel fuel for 10 menitan, produces biodiesel-ready. That biofuel jenisbiodiesel! Biodiesel use is to replace diesel.
BioDiesel or BioSolar fuel is a mixture of diesel with vegetable oil derived from palm oil or crude palm oil (CPO). Before mixed palm oil is reacted with methanol and ethanol with NaOH or KOH catalyst to produce fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). To Biosolar type B-5 sold today contains a 5 percent blend FAME.
Before mixed, testing laboratories owned Pertamina always Ensure FAME is used to meet the standards specifications that have been defined. Must be confirmed no bacteria Because it can damage the fuel quality when distributed. B5 biodiesel fuel can be used in standard diesel engines without any need to change or modification.
Excellence BioSolar
With the content of vegetable oil, Become more environmentally friendly fuel, biodiesel has a cetane number 51 to 55 or higher than standard diesel fuel roomates is about 48. In fact, the higher the cetane number, the more perfect combustion, so that pollution can be reduced. Pervolume energy density Obtained IS ALSO greater. In addition, a mixture of FAME lowering sulfur so that no more than 500 ppm.
Biodiesel has a comparative advantage Compared to other forms of energy. More Easily transported; has the energy density per volume is higher; are relatively clean burning has a character; and environmentally friendly.
Weakness BioSolar
Unlike pure diesel, turns Biodiesel has its drawbacks. The disadvantage is not suitable for motor vehicles that require speed and power, Because biodiesel produces lower power than pure diesel.
The majority of large tonnage equipment transport vehicle (truck, bus, etc.) in Indonesia is a conventional diesel engine, yet modern diesel Common Rail. Moreover, diesel engines before 2000, if wearing a Biosolar the which has a cetane number 51 to 55 or higher than standard diesel roomates about 48 are no negative impact on the durability of diesel engines 'old'. Pertamina assurance that Directly Biodiesel can be used in standard diesel engines without the need for such changes or modifications should be socialized again to the wider community should certainly be by proving technical test.
Here Pertamina DEMANDED to further improve the broader public about the advantages and disadvantages of Biodiesel Biodiesel or such. May the spirit towards the reduction of air pollution from vehicle emissions (especially from diesel engines) are not Directly proportional to the reduction of the energy performance of the diesel engine itself.